Overview of the research on seven kinds of special adhesives
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1. High temperature resistant adhesive
High temperature resistant adhesive refers to a type of adhesive that still maintains the original bonding performance when used at a temperature of 200 to 500 ℃ or higher. Such adhesives are mainly silicon (or boron) polymers, aromatic heterocyclic high temperature resistant polymers and inorganic adhesives.
2. Low temperature resistant adhesive
Low temperature resistant adhesive refers to an adhesive that can be used in an ultra-low temperature environment and has sufficient strength. It is usually made of PU, EP modified PU, PU and nylon modified EP and other main materials.
EP system adhesives are most suitable for low-temperature use, but it is necessary to modify or develop new EP and amine curing agents in multiple ways to obtain an EP system with better comprehensive performance. Introducing flexible segments and active groups with greater degrees of freedom into the EP and its curing agent molecules to make them enter the structural network can reduce the brittleness of the EP cured product; but this method easily leads to a decrease in the T_g of the system. Using glycidyl ester or bisphenol EP with good medium and high temperature performance, and aromatic amine as curing agent, a rigid network system can be formed; this system has poor resistance to repeated thermal shocks, shear strength and fracture The toughness is low, which is manifested by the high sensitivity to crack propagation.
3. Sealant
Sealant is a kind of sealing material whose main performance is sealing rather than bonding. Strictly speaking, it is not an adhesive, so its bonding strength is usually not high. It often needs to be mechanically strong when used, but its caulking performance and chemical resistance at the adhesive interface are better.
Sealant is mainly a viscous liquid composed of synthetic rubber, resin, fillers, additives and solvents (or solvent-free). It can be applied to the joint surface to fill the uneven surface. After a certain period of time After drying, a continuous viscoelastic film can be formed, which can withstand pressure and seal.
4. Medical adhesive
Medical adhesives are a class of adhesives used in surgical hemostasis, dentistry, orthopedics, and soft tissue and skin bonding in recent years. There are mainly α-cyanoacrylate adhesives, fibrin adhesives and PU adhesives.
5. Vacuum glue
Vacuum glue refers to a type of adhesive used for the connection and sealing of various parts in a vacuum system. It not only has good bonding strength, but also has good vacuum tightness and pressure resistance.
In vacuum technology, the commonly used vacuum glue is an adhesive based on EP. The working temperature of EP vacuum glue can reach 100℃, and it has good electrical insulation performance, and the shrinkage rate during the curing process is lower than other resins. The molecular structure of bisphenol A type EP contains hydroxyl and ether bonds, and has good adhesion to a variety of commonly used vacuum materials. The bonded parts have excellent mechanical strength and can be used for metals, ceramics, glass and plastics, etc. Bonding of vacuum materials.
6. Alkali-resistant adhesive
Alkali-resistant adhesives refer to adhesives that can resist corrosion in alkaline media. Alkali-resistant adhesives and alkali-resistant mortars are mainly prepared with furan resin, xylene resin, EP and chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber as matrix resins, supplemented by other alkali-resistant ingredients.
7. Spot welding glue
Spot welding glue has the dual characteristics of bonding and spot welding, and has good overall performance. Among them, bonding can ensure sealing, prevent corrosion, reduce stress concentration, bear load, and improve structural strength and work durability. Spot welding glue is mainly made up of EP matrix resin, modifiers and auxiliary materials.