Advantages and disadvantages of various disinfectants on the market
1. Peroxides:
Advantages: easy to dissolve in water, wide bactericidal spectrum, strong bactericidal power, fast sterilization, and can be completely degraded. After decomposition, non-toxic ingredients and no residual toxicity are generated.
Disadvantages: unstable in nature, there is a danger of explosion during transportation and storage; easy to decompose and corrosive; irritating or toxic before being decomposed, and bleaching or corrosive to items.
2. Chlorine
Advantages: fast-acting, relatively inexpensive, and easy to use.
Disadvantages: It is greatly affected by the pH value, which will be interfered by organic matter and reducing substances in water, which will reduce the effect; it will generate "trigeminous" substances such as chloroform with organic matters in water; it is susceptible to organic matters, has irritating and bleaching effects, and is effective Chlorine is easily lost.
3.Aldehydes
Advantages: good bactericidal effect, it is a high-efficiency disinfectant, broad-spectrum, high-efficiency, low-toxicity, little corrosiveness to metal, little influence by organic matter, and good stability.
Disadvantages: The common characteristics of aldehyde sterilants are toxic, especially formaldehyde, which cannot be degraded by itself after the expiration date of use. It has residual toxicity, and long-term use will cause pollution to humans and animals and the surrounding environment.
4. Alcohols
Advantages: It has medium and fast bactericidal effects; non-toxic, non-irritating, and non-corrosive to metals.
Disadvantages: It is greatly affected by organic matter; it is volatile and unstable.
5.Iodine
Advantages: broad-spectrum sterilization, good effect; high safety, little irritation, no odor.
Disadvantages: cannot kill spores, is sensitive to light, and is susceptible to interference by organic matter.
6, phenols
Advantages: The chemical properties are stable, so storage or heat will not change the efficacy, and the effective concentration will be maintained for a long time.
Disadvantages: It must be exposed to harmful microorganisms before it can be inhibited or killed; it does not have a strong effect on spores and viruses; it pollutes the environment.
7.Ethylene oxide
Advantages: Broad spectrum, high efficiency, can kill all microorganisms; strong penetrating power, can penetrate cellophane, polyvinyl or polyvinyl chloride film and general cardboard box; can be used for sterilization of heat-resistant medical devices.
Disadvantages: relatively long sterilization time; ethylene oxide gas is flammable and explosive; items have residual toxicity after sterilization, and should be ventilated before being used.
8. Biguanides
Advantages: Broad-spectrum killing, inhibiting a variety of microorganisms; long-lasting bacteriostatic effect, and bacteria are not easy to develop drug resistance; it has been tested as practically non-toxic to humans and higher animals.
Disadvantages: Anionic surfactants can make them ineffective; the presence of organic substances can weaken their bactericidal effect.
9, quaternary ammonium salts
Advantages: The fungicide has low toxicity, high bactericidal efficiency, little influence by pH changes, convenient use, stable chemical properties, good dispersion and corrosion inhibition.
Disadvantages: easily affected by water hardness and organic matter; long-term use alone, easy to produce drug resistance, is a low-efficiency disinfectant.