Water seepage of doors and windows is a hidden danger, which will seriously affect the service life of buildings. There are many reasons for water seepage of doors and windows, including design, material use, installation and management. Let's analyze the causes of water seepage in doors and windows
1. Aluminum profile
① the surface treatment of aluminum profile does not meet the national standards, the adhesion of the surface coating is not strong, and the oxide film is too thin or too thick, resulting in the failure of sealant bonding.
② the strength and rigidity of the aluminum profile column and beam are insufficient. The wall thickness of the stressed part of the section is less than 3mm. Under the action of the load standard value, the relative deflection is greater than L / 180 or the absolute deflection is greater than 20mm. The curtain wall is seriously deformed, resulting in displacement and rainwater leakage.
③ no high-quality and high-precision aluminum materials are used, especially for curtain wall column. The aluminum profile is unqualified, and its bending, torsion, waviness and so on seriously exceed the standard, resulting in the planeness and perpendicularity of the overall door and window can not meet the requirements.
2. Sealant
① in order to save cost, ordinary sealant is used instead of weather resistant silicone sealant for outdoor caulking. After sunlight and ultraviolet radiation, the glue joint is prematurely aged, resulting in cracking.
② when using expired structural silicone sealant, weather resistant silicone sealant and wall adhesive, the adhesive joint blisters, cracks or does not solidify, resulting in water seepage of doors and windows.
③ the compatibility test of contact materials of structural silicone sealant was not carried out according to the specification. As a result, the structural silicone sealant was not compatible with aluminum profile, glass, adhesive strip and other materials, resulting in chemical changes affecting the adhesion and sealing effect.
3. Glass
① the strength of the glass was not checked, and the glass did not have enough bearing capacity, so it cracked and broke under the typhoon and rainstorm, leading to water inflow.
② the glass has not been checked for thermal stress. Large area of glass absorbs sunlight, and the thermal stress exceeds its allowable stress, causing thermal fracture and water leakage of doors and windows.
③ the tolerance of glass dimension exceeds the standard, and the embedding amount and gap on both sides of the glass do not meet the requirements. When the glass is installed on the exposed frame glass curtain wall, the glass is too small, the slot embedding depth is insufficient, the width of the glue joint does not meet the requirements, and the glass is easy to crack from the edge. If the glass is too large, the slot will be embedded too deep, and the glass will be easily extruded by aluminum profile due to thermal expansion, resulting in water seepage.
④ the glass has not been chamfered and chamfered, so the glass is easy to produce stress concentration, leading to dark crack or self explosion, which has hidden danger.
4. Construction
① during the installation of aluminum frame, the operation is not in accordance with the specification, the quality is not well controlled, and the levelness, perpendicularity, diagonal difference and straightness exceed the standard, which directly affects the physical performance of curtain wall.
② the construction of weather resistant silicone sealant is not dense, the sealing is not strict or the length or width ratio does not meet the specification.
③ pay no attention to the construction conditions of sealant. There is a lot of rain in the south, for example, weather resistant sealant is forced to be constructed in the open air in rainy season, so the sealing quality cannot be guaranteed. The construction of structural adhesive also has certain temperature and humidity conditions, which must be paid attention to.
④ the size of sealant strip does not conform to the requirements or poor quality materials are used, which will loosen or age soon and lose the function of sealing and waterproof.
⑤ no elastic positioning pad is used, and the glass is in direct contact with the component. When the building is deformed or the temperature changes, the component has a large stress on the glass, and the glass often cracks from the bottom of the door and window.
5. Use
① the user did not provide detailed completion data and operation instruction to the user. After the user moved in, he did not understand the correct operation method, resulting in damage, collision, deformation, pollution, etc. to the doors and windows, resulting in water seepage.
② when the doors and windows are cleaned, improper operation will cause damage to the doors and windows.
③ the residents carried out the transformation without permission, and the damaged parts were not filled and waterproof seriously.
Finding and solving problems is the key. Now that we know the reason, how to prevent water seepage of doors and windows?
6. Preventive measures
There are three basic conditions that lead to water seepage and water leakage of doors and windows: the existence of pores; the existence of water; and the existence of pressure difference of water seepage cracks. To eliminate one or more of these basic conditions is the way to prevent and control water leakage: first, reduce the pores as much as possible; second, cover the rainwater so as not to wet the gap as much as possible; third, reduce the wind pressure difference at the wetted gap.
① a small hole shall be opened on the aluminum profile of the door and window to flow to the outside to collect and discharge the water entering the interior of the door and window through the small gap, and at the same time discharge a small amount of water in the equal pressure cavity between the glass, aluminum profile and aluminum buckle.
② select high-quality structural silicone sealant, weather resistant silicone sealant and wall adhesive, and strengthen inspection to prevent overdue use. High quality float glass shall be selected. The glass must be edge treated, and the size error of the glass shall meet the standard requirements.
③ pay attention to the use environment of the sealant, and it is strictly prohibited to carry out the construction of weather resistant silicone sealant in rainy days and open days. The indoor temperature should not be higher than 27 ℃ and the relative humidity should not be lower than 50%. Remove dust, oil, loose and other dirt from aluminum frame, glass or gap before glue injection. After glue injection, it shall be filled tightly, the surface shall be flat, and the maintenance shall be strengthened.
④ according to the specification requirements, the anti rainwater leakage performance inspection shall be carried out in layers during the installation process, so as to repair and control the quality of doors and windows.
⑤ quality inspection is divided into concealed acceptance and project acceptance. Concealed acceptance is carried out after the installation of aluminum profile frame, and project acceptance is carried out after the completion of door and window project.
[door and window knowledge] installation steps of invisible screen
[aluminum technology] optimize the aluminum extrusion process and extend the service life of the die scientifically
[Lingtong aluminum review] crude oil rose sharply and aluminum price strengthened